The chitarra battente – literally, “beating guitar” – is a traditional string instrument central to the musical heritage of southern Italy. Although it shares common ancestry with the Baroque guitar, the battente developed its own personality and structure over time, becoming a unique expression of regional folk culture. It is especially associated with Calabria, Campania, Basilicata, Molise, Abruzzo, and Puglia, though its presence was once widespread throughout the Italian peninsula.

We can trace back the instrument’s origins to the 17th century, when it began as a folk adaptation of the Baroque five-course guitar. The instrument’s early versions were used in aristocratic and courtly settings, but the chitarra battente soon took root in popular culture, transitioning into a key element of rural life and communal celebration. It was particularly prominent in areas with strong oral and musical traditions, where its clear, metallic sound proved ideal for accompanying dances, love songs, and storytelling.