When we think of eau de cologne, the city of Cologne in Germany often comes to mind. However, few know that this iconic fragrance was actually created by an Italian perfumer, Giovanni Maria Farina. In the early 18th century, Farina moved to Cologne and crafted a scent that reminded him of fresh spring mornings, mountain daffodils, and orange blossoms in his homeland. He named it “Eau de Cologne” in honor of his new city, but the essence was purely Italian.

Farina’s original eau de cologne was a blend of citrus oils from lemon, orange, tangerine, bergamot, and lime, mixed with oils from flowers and herbs like lavender and rosemary. This seemingly simple concoction captured the essence of the Mediterranean, evoking the sun-soaked landscapes and zesty air of Italy.